Crude oil (HS 270900) is the world's most traded commodity by value, serving as the primary feedstock for refined fuels, petrochemicals, and lubricants. Supply is highly concentrated among OPEC+ members, making price and availability acutely sensitive to cartel decisions, geopolitical events, and sanctions regimes. Trade flows are subject to origin scrutiny, sanctions compliance (notably Russia and Iran), and high transshipment risk via flag-of-convenience vessels.
HS Code 270900 covers Crude Oil under the Harmonized System. It is used for customs declarations, import duty assessment, trade statistics, export documentation, and sourcing analysis.
Products classified under HS 270900 are used across Refining, Petrochemicals, Power Generation, Transportation Fuels, Lubricants. Demand is driven by Global GDP growth, Transportation demand, Industrial output, Petrochemical feedstock demand.
Major exporting countries include Saudi Arabia, Russia, United States, UAE, Canada based on recent international trade reporting.
Demand is linked to Global GDP growth, Transportation demand, Industrial output, Petrochemical feedstock demand. Input costs are influenced by Naturally occurring petroleum deposits.
Active US trade measures:
Verify final rates with HTSUS, TARIC, CBIC India, and a licensed customs broker.
US importers of Crude Oil must classify at the HTS10 level. Additional measures such as Section 232, Section 301, ADD/CVD, or Chapter 99 provisions may apply depending on the exact classification and origin.
EU importers classify Crude Oil at TARIC10 level. Preferential treatment may apply where rules of origin are satisfied under EU trade agreements. Intra-EU trade is duty-free.
India assesses Crude Oil at the HS8 level under the CBIC Customs Tariff. The applicable duty framework is: BCD 0% + SWS 0% + IGST 18% = 18% effective gross rate. IGST is generally recoverable for registered B2B importers via GST filing.
Based on recent international trade data, the leading exporting countries for Crude Oil are:
These corridors show where trade activity is concentrated. Buyers use this signal to identify supplier depth, established logistics lanes, and alternative sourcing markets.
| HS Code | 270900 |
| Product | Crude Oil |
| Chapter | 27 — Crude Energy Commodity |
| Major exporting countries | Saudi Arabia, Russia, United States, UAE, Canada |
| Primary industries | Refining, Petrochemicals, Power Generation, Transportation Fuels, Lubricants |
| Trade year | 2024 |
| US duty framework | HTS10 classification dependent |
| EU duty framework | 0% MFN |
| India BCD | 0% BCD |
Logitality sourcing intelligence for HS 270900 combines global trade corridors, tariff data, commodity cost signals, FX movement, and supplier-country analysis to compare origins by estimated landed cost.
Compare supplier countries for HS 270900 by full duty stack and landed cost.
Run sourcing intelligence →Read the detailed sourcing guide for HS 270900 Crude Oil, including supplier-country analysis, trade-flow context, and procurement considerations.
HS Code 270900 Crude Oil: Sourcing Guide, Trade Flows & Compliance for 2025 →
HS Code 270900 covers Crude Oil and is used for customs declarations, trade statistics, import duty assessment, and sourcing analysis.
Duty varies by destination and classification. US: HTS10 classification dependent. EU: 0% MFN. India: 0% BCD.
Major exporting countries include Saudi Arabia, Russia, United States, UAE, Canada, based on recent trade reporting.